In the first section of this page, you will write a daily summary of that day's class.  For example in  your chapter 2 blog, your first entry should be titled 9/3/10.  You should then write a one or two paragraph summary of that day's lecture, outlining the major points.  In the second section, you are required to add two items (link to a website, video, animation, student-created slide show, student-created PowerPoint presentation) and one journal article pertaining to a topic in this chapter.  A one-paragraph summary must accompany each item describing the main idea and how it applies to the lecture topic.  Please see the PBWorks help guide for assistance embedding video and other items directly in the page.  I will also produce a how-to video on using tables to wrap text around items and other useful tips.  Please see the syllabus for organization and grading details.

A.  Daily Blog

Blog for Lecture (submitted 2/13/11):

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

1) Mitotic cell divison

     a) Cell division - cell reproduction, growing, developing, proudcing gametes

                              highly regulated series of events

2) Two types in eukaryotes

     a) Mitosis

     b) Meiosis

3) Tyrosine-kinase cell-signaling

4) Homologous pairs of chormosomes - similar in size and genteic information, XY are different

5) Cytogenetics - field of genetics involving microscopic examination of chromosomes and cell division

6) When cells get read to divide, chromosomes condence

7) Diploid (2n) or somatic cells and haploid (n) gametes

8) X chromosome is larger than Y chromosome

     - carries more information than just gender

     -many purposes (such as blood clotting)

9) centromeres join sister chromatids (don't always have to be in the middle)

10) S-phase - duplicate chromosomes - makes sister chromatids

11) Decision to divide

     - external factors

          - environmental conditions

          - signaling molecules

     - internal factors

          -cell cycle control molecules

          -checkpoints

12) Checkpoint proteins

     - Cyclins or cyclin-dependent kinases responsible for advancing a cell through the phases of the cell cycle

          - amount of cyclins vary through cycle

13) Kinases controlling cell cycle

14) Ribosomes make peptide bonds - dehydration synthesizes

15) G1 Checkpoint - check that DNA isn't damaged, grows to make room for S-phase

16) G2 - makes sure the copies are correct

17) Metaphase checkpoint - make sure spindles are correct and kinetochores joined correctly to separate

18) Proteins degraded after no longer needed

19) Tumor suppressor gene - prevents tumors

20) Oncogene - contributes to production of cancer, promotes cell division (mutated) always "on"

Meiosis

1) Sexual reproduction - requires a fertilization event in which two haploid gametes unit to create a diploid cell called a zygote

2) Meiosis is the process by which haploid cells are produced from a cell that was originally diploid

B.  Useful Materials

Mitosis (submitted 2/13/11):

This video describes the multiple steps of Mitosis. Mitosis is the process of cell division.  The video explains all the stages of cell division and why they are important.  The video also talks about Interphase and the cell cycle.  It explains that the cell must pass certain checkpoints before it is approved for division.   

Journal Article (submitted 2/13/11):

Role of p21 This article talks about the role of p21 and how it is not fully understood. It relates to cancer cells and is mediated through the rpoximal regions of multiple Sp1 sites.  The dual functions of p21 have been discovered as being an inhibitor of cell-cycle progression at 24 h and as an anti-apoptotic factor at 48 h. 

Meiosis (submitted 2/13/11):

Meiosis is cell division that has a product of four haploid daughter cells.  The four haploid daughter cells are also known as gametes or sex cells.  These are the cells that make up the XY of a person, or therefore decide gender.  Meiosis has a few other steps involved in its process such as crossing over and going through the division steps twice.